What is organization and why we are creating in GitHub:

An organization are shared accounts where businesses and open source projects can collaborate across many projects at once.There are three types accounts in GitHub

1. Personal accounts

2. Organization accounts

3. Enterprise accounts

• Here the main reason for creating organization account is, accounts can be shared among unlimited number of people and they can collaborate across many projects at once.

• Our organization name is eGovernments Foundation.

GitHub account creation:

• Go to https://github.com/

• After completing the process Your GitHub account will be created.

• Click on Sign Up. Create your account by using email and password. Then add Username.

• After completing the process Your GitHub account will be created.

Creating Organization in GitHub:

• After setting up the GitHub account, we have to create an organization. Here we can add the data or code in the form of repository. Creating a repository, we will see this topic next.

• Open Github and click on the "+" icon add top tight corner. You will see the option"new organization". click it.

• click on "create a free organization"and enter your organization name you want to create with email and then '"next"

• After Organization got created, you can see your organizations by clicking on "Accounts

Adding new SSH key to your GitHub account:

• Open Your "Command prompt" or "Terminal".

• Type below commands to generate SSH key

ssh-keygen

• Now a .ssh folder is created in your home directory. Go to that directory.

cd .ssh
cat id_rsa.pub

• copy the SSH key which we get after running the above commands.

• open GitHub and add this SSH key as shown below:

• open Settings and go to SSH and GPG keys

• Click on New SSH key and paste it. Click on Add SSH key.

• If you want check the private key, use

cat id_rsa

• In eGovernments Foundations we are having multiple number of Teams. we can create independent teams to manage repository permissions and mentions for groups of people.

• Only organization owners and maintainers can create team. Owners can also restrict creation permissions for all teams in an organization.

• First sign in to your organization github account.

• Once you sign in to your account and if you open view organization you can able to see the above page.

• Click on Teams. You will see the below image.

• Now, click on the New team

• Fill the details as shown in the below image:

• After creating team, you will able to see the below image.

• If you click on members.you can add members to your team by providing their github username or mail.

• Now, you have successfully created GitHub team.

• People with admin or owner permissions can set up a CODEOWNERS file in a repository.

• The people you choose as code owners must have write permissions for the repository.

• When the code owner is a team, that team must be visible and it must have write permissions, even if all the individual members of the team already have write permissions directly, through organization membership, or through another team membership.

• For every branch there will be a CODEOWNER file. Only they can able to write the code and able to merge the pull requests.

Create CODEOWNER file:

• Go to any of your branch(DIGIT branch created previously) in a repository and click on new file and name it as CODEOWNERS

• Click on "Create a new branch for this commit and start a pull request" and click on propose new file

• Next click on Create pull request and then Merge pull request and confirm merge.

• Add the GitHub Id's of all the team or people whom you want to add.

Creating a branch inside repository:

• Go to the repository and click on new branch.

• Here I have created a branch named DIGIT

• After, go to that branch in the same repository.

Creating branch protection rule:

• Branch protection rule states that, how to manage the branch restrictions/permissions in GitHub.

NOTE : You must have admin access orelse you have to be a codeowner to make these changes for branch restrictions/permissions.

• Open https://github.com and choose any repository.Go to the main page. Click on settings.

• Click on branches

• If you click on the Edit rules you can able to see the rules which are applied for that branch.you should follow the rules when ever you are going to made any changes to that branch and pushing it.

• If you want to create new branch protection rule click on Add Rule.

The common restrictions we are following to merge branches are :

1.Requires pull request

2.Requires approvals from CODE OWNERS

• Only the CODE OWNERS can have access to merge and makes changes to these rules.

• In the top right corner of GitHub.com, click your profile photo, then click Your organizations.

• Click the name of your organization

• After that click on People

• Next, Click on Invite member

• Type the username, full name, or email address of the person you want to invite and click Invite.

To provide access to a repository:

• Go to the repository and click on settings

• Next click on Collaborators and teams.

• Provide access to edit the code based on the user request.

• GitHub is an open source tool which helps the developers to manage, store, track and control changes in their code. If we want to clone(copy) the data from GItHub we need to install Git.

• There are some alternatives for GitHub like GitLab, Bitbucket. But many developers prefer GitHub because it's more popular and they are used to the navigation. So we are using Git in DIGIT

• GitHub is used to create Individual projects.

Checking for Git:

To check whether Git is already installed in your systems, open in terminal.

• If you are in Mac, look for the command prompt application called "Terminal".

• If you are in Windows, open the windows command prompt or "Git Bash".

• Type the below command:

git version

Installing Git on Linux:

Ubuntu:

In Ubuntu using terminal we can directly install Git using terminal.

• Go to command prompt shell and run the following command to make sure everything is up-to-date.

sudo apt-get update

• After that run the following command to install Git.

sudo apt-get install git-all

• Once the command output has completed, verify the installation using

git version

Installing Git on Windows and Mac:

• Go to the following page to download the Git latest version: For Windows: https://gitforwindows.org/ For Mac: https://sourceforge.net/projects/git-osx-installer/files/git-2.23.0-intel-universal-mavericks.dmg/download?use_mirror=autoselect

• Once the installation is done, open the windows command prompt or Git Bash and type

git version

• You can fetch updates from or submit changes to the original repository with pull requests

• A fork often occurs when a developer becomes dissatisfied or disillusioned with the direction of a project and wants to detach their work from that of the original project.

• To create a new repository, click on + icon and New repository

• Create your with repo with any name based on your code. Make it as public. Then anyone can able to see your code.

• If you want to add a README file, click on add a README file. It is helpful to understand how does the code present in repo will be helpful.

• Next click on create repository.

You can create and register an OAuth App under your personal account or under any organization you have administrative access to. While creating your OAuth app, remember to protect your privacy by only using information you consider public.

Note: A user or organization can own up to 100 OAuth apps.

• In the upper-right corner of any page, click your profile photo, then click Settings.

• In the left sidebar, click Developer settings.

• In the left sidebar, click OAuth Apps.

• Click New OAuth App.

Note: If you haven't created an app before, this button will say, Register a new application.

• In "Application name", type the name of your app.

Warning: Only use information in your OAuth app that you consider public. Avoid using sensitive data, such as internal URLs, when creating an OAuth App.

• In "Homepage URL", type the full URL to your app's website.

• Optionally, in "Application description", type a description of your app that users will see.

• In "Authorization callback URL", type the callback URL of your app.

Note: OAuth Apps cannot have multiple callback URLs, unlike GitHub Apps.

• If your OAuth App will use the device flow to identify and authorize users, click Enable Device Flow. For more information about the device flow, see "Authorizing OAuth Apps."

• Click Register application.